An interleukin 4 (IL-4)-independent pathway for CD4+ T cell IL-4 production is revealed in IL-4 receptor-deficient mice

An interleukin 4 (IL-4)-independent pathway for CD4+ T cell IL-4 production is revealed in IL-4 receptor-deficient mice.

IL-4 receptor alpha chain (IL-4Ralpha)-deficient mice were generated by gene-targeting in BALB/c embryonic stem cells. Mutant mice showed a loss of IL-4 signal transduction and functional activity. The lack of IL-4Ralpha resulted in markedly diminished, but not absent, TH2 responses after infection with the helminthic parasite Nippostrongylus brasiliensis. CD4+, CD62L-high, and CD62L-low T cell...

Enhanced cytotoxic T cell activity in IL-4-deficient mice.

CD8+ effectors are critical components of type 1 responses against viral infections as well as for antiviral vaccines. IL-4 plays a clear role as an inhibitor of CD4+ Th1 cells; however, its role in CD8+ T cell regulation appears to be more complex. Thus, IL-4 may augment CD8+ T cell growth, but also limit effector function. Moreover, abundant IL-4 is inhibitory for viral clearance, but the lac...

Decreased mucosal interleukin-4 (IL-4) production in gut inflammation.

AIMS To determine the prevalence of cells secreting interleukin-4 (IL-4) in the gut mucosa of children with chronic inflammatory bowel disease. METHODS Mononuclear cells were isolated from intestinal biopsy specimens from control children (n = 10) and children with active inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn's disease n = 15, ulcerative colitis n = 9, indeterminate colitis n = 3). Spontaneous IL...

Cytoplasmic interleukin-4 (IL-4) and surface IL-4 receptor expression in patients with B-cell lymphocytic leukemia.

Detection of Kaposi sarcoma associated herpesvirus in peripheral blood of HIV-infected individuals and progression to Kaposi's sarcoma. Risk of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpes virus transmission from donor allografts among Italian posttransplant Kapo-si's sarcoma patients. Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection of bone marrow dendritic cells from multiple myeloma patients. Localiz...

Development of IL-4-Producing Clones from CD4 Ligation Promotes the IL-4-Independent